Some guesses:
Jetfighter II?
Not a blue plane, but has also carrier take off /landings
http://www.mobygames.com/game/jetfig...ctical-fighter
Corncob 3D?
No carriers there, but plane in (looping) opening sequence is a blue corsair.
And the airstrip with control tower always is your start/end point.
http://www.mobygames.com/game/corncob-deluxe
Both could be played from floppy.